In both world wars, artists were recruited as camouflage officers. With the advent of longer range and more accurate weapons, especially the repeating rifle, camouflage was adopted for the uniforms of all armies, spreading to most forms of military equipment including ships and aircraft.Ĭamouflage for equipment and positions was extensively developed for military use by the French in 1915, soon followed by other World War I armies. Their tasks required them to be inconspicuous, and they were issued green and later other drab colour uniforms. As such, military camouflage is a form of military deception in addition to cultural functions such as political identification.Ĭamouflage was first practiced in simple form in the mid 18th century by rifle units. In that war, long-range artillery and observation from the air combined to expand the field of fire, and camouflage was widely used to decrease the danger of being targeted or to enable surprise. The French slang word camouflage came into common English usage during World War I when the concept of visual deception developed into an essential part of modern military tactics. In practice, this means applying colour and materials to military equipment of all kinds, including vehicles, ships, aircraft, gun positions and battledress, either to conceal it from observation ( crypsis), or to make it appear as something else ( mimicry). Military camouflage is the use of camouflage by an armed force to protect personnel and equipment from observation by enemy forces.
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